THE ROLE OF GEOLOGY IN OUR VISION

At Minerals Americas, we believe that geology is destiny when it comes to mining. A deep understanding of geological formations is the foundation for identifying world-class mineral assets, evaluating long-term resource potential, and responsibly unlocking value. By combining geological science with disciplined financial structuring, we ensure that our projects are not only resource-rich but also investment-grade.

WHY THE AMERICAS?

As investors, we recognize that the Americas host some of the most geologically significant mineral belts in the world. From the copper-rich Andes to the lithium triangle and the gold-bearing basins of North America, this region offers a unique concentration of resources essential to both today’s economy and the industries of the future.

• Precious metals (gold and silver) concentrated in prolific Andean and North American districts.

• Base metals (copper, zinc, lead) that underpin global infrastructure and electrification.

• Critical minerals (lithium, rare earths, magnetite) vital to the energy transition and advanced technologies.

These countries combine world-class geology with secure legal systems, established mining infrastructure, and sovereign-grade potential. Together, they form a portfolio of regions where geology, economics, and strategy intersect—creating long-term value and resilience for our investors.

BY FOCUSING ON THE UNITED STATES, COLOMBIA, PERU, ARGENTINA, CHILE, & BOLIVIA MINERALS AMERICAS TAPS INTO:

UNITED STATES

The U.S. spans multiple tier-1 systems (Carlin-type gold, porphyry copper-moly, PGE-bearing intrusives). Despite its maturity, the Earth MRI program shows how much signal remains: as of late 2024, only ~25% of the U.S. had high-quality modern geophysical coverage—implying ~75% still lacks it, a clear “new data, new discoveries” upside (especially Alaska and the interior West).

75%

lacking coverage

significant upside

COLOMBIA

The northern Andes host rich gold & copper belts. Yet, of ~114 million ha nationwide, only ~5% is under mining title and ~2.3% is at the exploration stage—meaning the vast majority of land is not under formal exploration today. That imbalance creates exceptional greenfield optionality under a modernized licensing regime.

~97%

114

million hectares total

unexplored land

PERU

Peru is a global copper leader with extensive porphyry systems, yet only ~0.3% of national territory is under exploration and ~1.5% under exploitation—leaving >98% of the country outside active exploration/production today. Multiple sources also place Peru at ~10% of global copper reserves. This combination—tier-1 geology + low exploration saturation—fits a sovereign capital horizon.

>98%

10%

global copper reserves

unexplored

ARGENTINA

Argentina anchors the Lithium Triangle and hosts seven large copper projects, with authorities estimating ~70% of mineral-rich territory remains unexplored. That under-exploration, coupled with pro-investment provincial regimes, positions Argentina for outsized discovery leverage across lithium, copper, gold, silver, uranium, zinc.

~70%

multi-yield

various mineral reserves

unexplored

CHILE

Chile’s mining ecosystem is world-class (infrastructure, services, rule of law). Beyond copper leadership, new studies increased Chile’s lithium resources by ~28% above prior estimates, adding ~3.05 Mt to national lithium resources—evidence that even Chile’s “mature” geology still yields material upside with modern work. (Chile retains the world’s largest lithium reserves.) Also, ~36% of national hectares are under mining concessions, signaling deep optionality for staged development.

36%

+3.05Mt

increase in lithium reserves

mining concessions

BOLIVIA

Bolivia hosts parts of the world’s largest lithium resources (Uyuni and neighboring salares) and is significant in tin, silver, zinc. The government reports >60% of national territory is not mapped and/or explored, underscoring true frontier upside alongside brine development.

60%+

Li rich

exorbitant reserves

unmapped + unexplored

WHAT “UNTAPPED” MEANS FOR INVESTORS?

Under-mapped / under-explored acreage: Large swaths lack modern geophysics and systematic drilling (e.g., U.S. Earth MRI coverage; Peru/Colombia title & activity data). This is where disciplined, science-led programs can unlock step-change value.

Documented but undeveloped resources: From Donlin in Alaska to new lithium resource upgrades in Chile, significant known deposits remain outside production, offering de-riskable, staged pathways attractive to sovereign capital.

Global reserve/resource leadership: The USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025 confirm the region’s top-tier standing across copper, lithium, silver and more—core to long-term industrial and energy-transition demand.

OUR ALIGNMENT WITH SOVEREIGN-GRADE CAPITAL

Time horizon: Geological value compounds over decades; our portfolio geography fits patient, inter-generational mandates.

Risk architecture: Assignment-ready SPVs, compliant escrow, and third-party verification convert subsurface potential into institutional-quality exposure.

Strategic utility: Copper, lithium, and precious metals are national-interest inputs—their secure sourcing aligns with sovereign priorities in energy, technology, and infrastructure.